Learning,Testing, and the Evaluation of Learning Environments in Medicine: Global Performance Assessment in Medical Education     

David Williamson Shaffer  James A. Gordon  Nancy L. Bennett 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(3):167-178

Changes in the profession of medicine are creating the demand for a substantive reexamination of current practices in medical education. Many of the major issues in addressing this challenge are structural and political rather than scientific; here we address one critical scientific issue that will be important to (though not by itself adequate for) guiding such changes. The factor we address is the development of a global performance assessment: a standardized mechanism to assess individual skills and abilities that can be used to evaluate alternative educational interventions. We discuss the issues involved in developing such a system, and describe a set of principles for defining desired outcomes and developing assessment tools, including (a) wide clinical scope, (b) direct relationship to actual clinical performance, (c) reliability and repeatability, and (d) non-longitudinal measurement. We discuss the role of simulation, reflective practice, and portfolios of work in developing such a system, and argue that whatever form such metrics take, a system of global performance assessment will develop from close collaboration between clinicians and educators with innovative ways of thinking about performance and expertise.  相似文献   

eHealth literacy and the motivators for HPV prevention among young adults in Kenya     

Nancy Muturi 《Communication Research Reports》2020,37(3):74-86

ABSTRACT

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common but preventable sexually transmitted infections that affect males and females but knowledge about it and vaccine uptake remain low. As organizations adopt eHealth communication strategies to communicate about HPV, this study examines the association between eHealth literacy (and related elements) and the motivators for HPV prevention that are based on the protection motivation theory. A survey was conducted among 472 young adults in Kenya and results show moderate eHealth literacy (M = 3.21, SD = 1.03) and online information seeking (M = 3.57, SD = 1.08) but low HPV knowledge and risk perception. eHealth literacy was correlated with HPV knowledge, perceived risk, self-efficacy, and response efficacy whereas online health information seeking were correlated with perceived seriousness of HPV infection. This study suggests examining the discrepancy between online information seeking and knowledge and the disparities in eHealth literacy among young adults in HPV communication.  相似文献   

Constructivist Approaches in a Dual-Language Classroom     

Ricardo González-Carriedo  Nancy Bustos  Jorge Ordóñez 《Multicultural Perspectives》2016,18(2):108-111

Dual-language programs are becoming increasingly popular among educators and the public in general. In these programs, students aim at attaining full proficiency in English and another language while reaching an academic achievement at or above grade level. This article describes a series of pedagogical practices in the context of dual-language classrooms. We set the discussion across three defining characteristics of our constructivist perspective: learning as collaboration, teachers as facilitators, and language and culture as intertwined elements in schools. In sum, we postulate that dual-language programs bring equity to schools.  相似文献   

Academic Life in the Measured University: Pleasures,Paradoxes and Politics     

Nancy November 《高等教育研究与发展》2020,39(3):623-625

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Female Athlete Triad Coalition risk assessment tool is an evidenced-based tool that is reliable and well-described     

Mary Jane De Souza  Nancy I. Williams  Kristen J. Koltun  Nicole C. A. Strock 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):996-999

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Public health practitioners' information access and use patterns in the Maryland (USA) public health departments of Anne Arundel and Wicomico Counties     

Twose C  Swartz P  Bunker E  Roderer NK  Oliver KB 《Health information and libraries journal》2008,25(1):13-22

PURPOSE: To increase understanding of the information needs and use of public health practitioners. SETTING: From June 2005 to May 2006, the library offered a course in public health information resources to eighteen practitioners in two counties, access to the library's licensed electronic resources through a tailored web portal, and consulting services. EVALUATION METHOD: We combined usage statistics from the web portal, self-report and observational data collected during training and shadowing of participants. CONCLUSIONS: The data from this project indicate that usage of licensed information resources and services is infrequent but broad ranging. A few users register at the high end of the usage range, but one use of one high quality article can have a significant impact on policy decisions. Time and competing responsibilities often constrain the retrieval and use of resources for evidence-based decision making and an informationist or power-user model may be more appropriate than training all practitioners to integrate searching into their workflow. This study indicates (i) that evidence-based public health practice requires seamless and broadly based information access; and (ii) that the currently existing patchwork does not support the level of use or take into account the time constraints of information needs for public health practice.  相似文献   

Relations among positive parenting, children's effortful control, and externalizing problems: a three-wave longitudinal study     

Eisenberg N  Zhou Q  Spinrad TL  Valiente C  Fabes RA  Liew J 《Child development》2005,76(5):1055-1071

In a 3-wave longitudinal study (with assessments 2 years apart) involving 186 early adolescents (M ages of approximately 9.3, 11.4, and 13.4), the hypothesis that parental warmth/positive expressivity predicts children's effortful control (EC) (a temperamental characteristic contributing to emotion regulation) 2 years later, which in turn predicts low levels of externalizing problems another 2 years later, was examined. The hypothesis that children's EC predicts parenting over time was also examined. Parents were observed interacting with their children; parents and teachers reported children's EC and externalizing problems; and children's persistence was assessed behaviorally. Children's EC mediated the relation between positive parenting and low levels of externalizing problems (whereas there was no evidence that children's EC predicted parenting).  相似文献   

Reviews     

Nancy Green  Patricia Hough  Sandra J. Jackanicz  Geoff Bookbinder 《Literacy》1980,14(1):37-39

Moyle, Donald (compiler) (1979) Teaching Reading. Peddie, W. S. & White, G. R. (1978). Testing in Practice–a guide to the preparation and marking of tests, formal examinations and informal assessments. Drummond, Don and Wignell, Edna (Editors), 1979. Reading: A Source Book. Roswell, Florence G. and Chall Jeanne S., (1979). Roswell Chall Diagnostic Reading Test of Word Analysis Skills.  相似文献   

The New Faces of Fairness   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nancy S. Cole  Michael J. Zieky 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2001,38(4):369-382

For most of the 20th century, measurement professionals paid little interest to item and test fairness. A confluence of events in the late 1960s and early 1970s led to an intense interest in fairness issues among measurement professionals. In spite of more than 30 years of effort, there is still no generally accepted definition of fairness with respect to testing and no measure that can prove or disprove the fairness of a test. To advance the fairness of tests, measurement professionals must pay more attention to reducing group differences at the design stage of test development, to providing all examinees an opportunity to demonstrate their knowledge and skills, to deterring test misuse, and to accommodating differences among individuals.  相似文献   

Canine Visitors: The Influence of Therapy Dogs on Young Children's Learning and Well-Being in Classrooms and Hospitals     

Mary Renck Jalongo  Terri Astorino  Nancy Bomboy 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2004,32(1):9-16

Trained therapy dogs are becoming an increasingly common sight in many educational and health care settings. This article, coauthored by a college professor, a Therapy Dogs International, Inc., Evaluator and local program director, and a registered nurse reviews the research on using registered therapy dogs as adjuncts in school programs and health care treatment plans for children ages 5–8. It addresses to the most commonly raised objections to allowing dogs in classrooms and patient rooms and offers practical guidelines for maximizing the positive outcomes of animal-assisted activities and therapy (AAA/T).  相似文献